The Basic Characteristics of TCM
The complete system of Traditional Chinese Medicine was formed with yin-yang and five elements theory being the guidance and theoretical method, viscera and meridian theories the theoretical core, and syndrome differentiation the way of disease treating. Compared with the Western medicine, TCM's characteristic lies primarily in its holism and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.
Holism: The holism refers to the unity and integration of the body, and the relationship of the natural world to the human being. It holds that the body and the external environment together create an organic whole and that the body, while epitomizing the larger universe, is a unique organic whole by itself.
The holism of TCM holds that the body is the integration of various viscera, tissues and organs with separate physiological functions. They interact to make up an entire system and keep balance through physiological coordination. They are physiologically interrelated and mutually restricted to maintaining the physiologically coordinated activities of the body and produce pathologically complicated reactions. This integrated relationship is centered around the five zang-viscera and achieved through the connecting action of the meridian system, presenting itself in physiological, pathological, diagnostic, and therapeutic areas.
According to the holism of TCM, the body is the product of the dynamic balance, It uses the theories of unity of opposites of yin and yang and calm of yin and steadiness of yang to explain how the body keeps an dynamic balance between yin and yang. It reveals the holistic relationship of cooperation and coordination, interaction and regulation between the zang-viscera and the fu-viscera through the theory of generation and restraint of Five Elements.
Treatment based upon syndrome differentiation: Treatment based upon syndrome differentiation is the distinguishing feature of TCM and represents the application of TCM theories in clinical practice. It mainly focuses on the analysis and differentiation of syndromes, discussion and determination of the treatment, and practice of specific therapies, in which syndrome differentiation is the premise and basis of treatment while treatment the medium and method of curing disease.
The complete system of Traditional Chinese Medicine was formed with yin-yang and five elements theory being the guidance and theoretical method, viscera and meridian theories the theoretical core, and syndrome differentiation the way of disease treating. Compared with the Western medicine, TCM's characteristic lies primarily in its holism and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.
Holism: The holism refers to the unity and integration of the body, and the relationship of the natural world to the human being. It holds that the body and the external environment together create an organic whole and that the body, while epitomizing the larger universe, is a unique organic whole by itself.
The holism of TCM holds that the body is the integration of various viscera, tissues and organs with separate physiological functions. They interact to make up an entire system and keep balance through physiological coordination. They are physiologically interrelated and mutually restricted to maintaining the physiologically coordinated activities of the body and produce pathologically complicated reactions. This integrated relationship is centered around the five zang-viscera and achieved through the connecting action of the meridian system, presenting itself in physiological, pathological, diagnostic, and therapeutic areas.
According to the holism of TCM, the body is the product of the dynamic balance, It uses the theories of unity of opposites of yin and yang and calm of yin and steadiness of yang to explain how the body keeps an dynamic balance between yin and yang. It reveals the holistic relationship of cooperation and coordination, interaction and regulation between the zang-viscera and the fu-viscera through the theory of generation and restraint of Five Elements.
Treatment based upon syndrome differentiation: Treatment based upon syndrome differentiation is the distinguishing feature of TCM and represents the application of TCM theories in clinical practice. It mainly focuses on the analysis and differentiation of syndromes, discussion and determination of the treatment, and practice of specific therapies, in which syndrome differentiation is the premise and basis of treatment while treatment the medium and method of curing disease.
Syndrome differentiation is a process where doctors analyze and summarize the relevant information gathered from the four diagnostic methods (inspection, auscultation and olfaction, interrogation, and pulse feeling and palpation), including all symptoms and signs, make judgment of the properties of the syndromes based on this information, and probe into the essence of the disease. Syndrome is different from symptom in TCM. Symptom refers to the clinical manifestations of a disease, such as cough, vomiting. Syndrome, on the other hand, refers to the pathological generalization of a group of closely related symptoms on a given stage in the course of disease development. Since syndrome demonstrates the specific part, cause, and property of a disease and the relationship between healthy and pathogenic factors and reflects the essence of pathological changes at a given point of disease's development, it can, rather than a symptom, provide a more comprehensive, further-reaching and more accurate view of the course and essence of a disease.
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