May 17, 2010

Terms Commonly Used in TCM

中国医药学 Traditional Chinese Medicine

 

治未病 prevention of disease

中医基础理论 Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine

 

脏腑 zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera

临床经验 clinical experience

 

功能活动 functional activities

辨证论治 treatment based on syndrome differentiation

 

形神统一 unity of the body and spirit

本草 materia medica, herbs

 

阴阳失调 imbalance of yin and yang

中药 Chinese materia medica, Chinese medicinal herbs

 

条达舒畅 free development

四气五味 four properties and five tastes

 

延年益寿 prolonging life, promising longevity

针灸 acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox

 

养生防病 cultivating health to prevent disease

各家学说 theories of different schools

 

正气 healthy qi, vital qi

汗法 diaphoresis, sweating therapy

 

病邪 pathogenic factor

下法 purgative therapy, purgation

 

整体观念 concept of holism

吐法 emetic therapy, vomiting therapy

 

疾病的本质与现象 nature and manifestations of disease

补土派 school of invigorating the earth

 

阴阳的相对平衡 relative balance between yin and yang

病因学说 etiology

 

疾病的发生与发展 occurrence and development of disease

养生 health-cultivation,

 

同病异治 treating the same disease with different therapies

医疗实践 medical practice

 

异病同治 treating different diseases with the same therapy

治疗原则 therapeutic principles

 

五脏 five zang-organs, five zang-viscera

寒凉药物 herbs of cold and cool nature, cold-natured herbs

 

六腑 six fu-organs, six fu-viscera

滋阴降火 nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire

 

经络系统 system of meridians and collaterals

滋水涵木 enriching water to nourish wood

 

余热未尽 incomplete abatement of heat

瘀血致泻 disease caused by blood stasis

 

有机整体 organic wholeness/integrity

先天之精 congenital essence

 

表里关系 exterior and interior relation

形与神俱 inseparability of the body and spirit

 

开窍 opening into

开胃 promoting appetite

 

自然现象 natural phenomena

脉象 pulse conditions, pulse pattern

 

哲学概念 philosophical concept

邪正关系 states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi

 

对立统一 unity of opposites

发热恶寒 fever and aversion to cold

 

相互消长 mutual waning and waxing

头身疼痛 headache and body pain

 

相互转化 mutual transformation

久痢脱肛 proctoptosis due to prolonged dysentery

 

阴阳属性 nature of yin and yang

养阴清热 nourishing yin and clearing away heat

 

相互联系 interrelation

清肺热 clear away lung-heat

 

相互制约 mutual restraint, mutual restriction/interaction

湿邪犯肺 pathogenic dampness invading the lung

 

动态平衡 dynamic equilibrium

清热泻火 clearing away heat and reducing fire

 

阴平阳秘 yin and yang in equilibrium

腠理 muscular interstices, striae, interstitial space

 

阴阳的互根互用 interdependence of yin and yang

水湿停滞 retention of water and dampness, water retention

 

相互依存 interdependence

癃闭 retention of urine

 

阴阳离绝 separation of yin and yang

气血运行 circulation/flow of qi and blood

 

相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each

阴阳转化 transformation between yin and yang

 

生理功能 physiological functions

阳消阴长 yang waning and yin waxing

 

病理变化 pathological changes

阴胜则阳病 predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang

 

临床诊断 clinical diagnosis

阴胜则阳病 an excess of yin leads to deficiency of yang

 

阳胜生外热 exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat

阳胜则热 predominance of yang generating heat

 

阳中求阴 obtaining yang from yin

寒极生热 extreme cold generating heat

 

绝对偏盛 absolute predominance

热极生寒 extreme heat generating cold

 

阳虚则寒 yang deficiency leading to cold

阳损及阴 impairment of yang involving yin

 

阴阳俱损 simultaneous consumption of yin and yang

阴液不足 insufficiency of yin-fluid

 

阴阳两虚 simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang

病机总纲 general principle of pathogenesis

 

阳虚发热 fever due to yang deficiency

病机 pathomechanism, pathological mechanism

 

阴阳自和 natural harmony between yin and yang

阴阳胜复 alternative predominance of yin and yang

 

木乘土 the wood over-restrains the earth

虚寒证 deficiency-cold syndrome

 

木火刑金 wood-fire impairs the metal

扶阳退阴 strengthening yang to reduce yin

 

金水相生 generation between the metal and water

祛风散寒 expelling/eliminating wind to dispersing cold

 

生克制化 interrelationship between generation and restriction

消导积滞 promoting digestion and removing food retention

 

制则生化 restriction ensuring generation

潜阳熄风 suppressing yang to quench wind

 

母病及子 disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ

五行学说 theory of five elements

 

传变 transmission of disease, progress of disease

运动变化 motion and variation

 

子病犯母 disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ

正邪相争 struggle/combat between healthy qi and pathogenic factors

 

肝肾精血不足 insufficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood

相生相克 mutual generation and restriction

 

肝阳上亢 hyperactivity of liver yang

生我,我生 to be generated and to generate

 

心肝血虚 asthenia / deficiency of heart and liver blood

克我,我克 to be restricted and to restrict

 

心肝火旺 exuberance of heart and liver fire 

生中有制 restriction within generation

 

心火亢盛 hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire

克中有生 generation within restriction

 

滋肾养肝 nourishing the kidney and liver

木曰曲直 wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally

 

方位配五行 correspondence of the directions to the five elements

火曰炎上 fire is characterized by flaming up

 

温肾健脾 warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen

土爰稼穑 earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping

 

肾阳式微 declination of kidney yang

金曰从革 metal is characterized by change

 

脾阳不振 inactivation of spleen yang

病缓起 gradual onset of disease

 

脾胃虚弱 hypofunction/weakness of the spleen and stomach

肝阴不足 insufficiency of liver yin

 

地道不通 menopause

相乘相侮 over-restriction and reverse restriction

 

平肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach

水湿停聚 retention of water-dampness

 

水火不济 discordance between water and fire

肾阴不足 insufficiency of kidney yin

 

藏象学说 theory of visceral manifestations

心肾不交 disharmony between the heart and kidney

 

奇恒之腑 extraordinary fu-organs

宣通水道 dredging water passage

 

水谷精微 cereal nutrients, essence of water and food

通调水道 dredging and regulating water passage

 

传化水谷 transmission and transformation of food

行气利水 activating qi to excrete water

 

贮藏精气 storage of essence

水液停滞 retention of fluid

 

治疗效果 curative / therapeutic effect

后天之本 postnatal / acquired base of life

 

藏而不泻 storage without excretion

调畅气机 regulating qi activity

 

泻而不藏 excretion without storage

肝气上逆 upward flow of liver qi

 

表热里寒 exterior heat and interior cold

水曰润下 water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing

 

肝旺脾虚 hyperfunction of the liver and weakness of the spleen

脾主运化 the spleen governing transportation and transformation

 

大肉陷下 obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy, extreme emaciation

肝气郁结 stagnation of liver qi

 

面色红润 ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks

胆虚证 gallbladder deficiency syndrome

 

胆虚不得眠 insomnia due to gallbladder asthenia

腐熟水谷 digesting food

 

导便法 laxation

食欲不振 poor appetite

 

跌打损伤 traumatic injury

脘腹胀闷 epigastric distension and depression

 

动静结合 integration of motion and quietness/stillness

嗳气酸腐 eructation with fetid odor

 

定喘 relieving asthma

泌别清浊 separating the clear from the turbid

 

心主血脉 the heart controlling blood and vessels

食物残渣 residue of food

 

心气充沛 abundance of heart qi

大肠主传导 the large intestine governing transmission and transportation

 

防御外邪入侵 preventing the invasion of exogenous pathogenic factor

癃闭 dysuria, retention of urine, anuria and dysuria

 

血液充盈 plenty of blood

面黄肌瘦 emaciation with sallow complexion

 

脉道不利 unsmoothness of vessels

止珠偏斜 strabismus, squint, ocular deviation

 

面色无华 lusterless complexion

调节水液 regulation of water

 

脉象细弱 thin and weak pulse

排泄糟粕 excretion of waste material

 

面色萎黄 sallow complexion

髓海不足 insufficiency of marrow-sea

 

汗血同源 sweat and blood sharing the same origin

精神委靡 dispiritedness, listlessness, lower spirit

 

升降出入 ascending, descending, coming in and going out

月经不调 irregular menstruation

 

气为血帅 qi serves as the commander of the blood

冲任不固 weakness of thoroughfare and conception vessels

 

气血凝滞 stagnation of qi and blood

经期延长 prolonged menstruation

 

血瘀 blood stasis

小肠实热 sthenia-heat in the small intestine

 

气滞腰痛 lumbago due to qi stagnation

气机调畅 smooth activity of qi

 

气虚滑胎 habitual abortion due to qi asthenia

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